The wonderful Peter Yang
The Little Red Ridding Hood The Wolf’s version of the Story.
October 20th 2009 05:05
Written By Jui-Wei Yang
I woke from my dream, sigh it was just a nightmare. That vision still hunts me and I fear the life of my daughter will be taken next. No! They are not going to take it. Never!!! Not in a million years!
Ok, I am a wolf, but I never hurt a human life, until now. There is a law amount us wolves, “You never kill for the sack of killing. You can only kill for food or to protect your family.”
My pack and I lived in a land free from humans. Then the humans wanted to expand their territories and of course they choose to expand into our. That was the first time, I saw a human. I thought there is a line between the world of men and the world of animals and neither one of us will cross the line and enter the other’s territory. Maybe, I’m wrong. I don’t know. I am all confused.
We are wolves, as far as the humans consider, we are the only ones that can pose a threat towards them. So when the humans decided to invade our territory, they also decided to send a bunch of hunters into our forest and hunt us, without warning.
We were just minding our business drinking beside the river that day. Our children were just playing around. Then BANG! My brother was been shot, he bleed to death. The hunters were shooting at us. We ran that is all we could do. We might have four speedy legs and laser sharp teeth, but they had guns and they intended to use it. The hunters and their dogs chased after us. I only had one thought in my mind. “I have to save my children. I have to save them.” I tried to find my children in the chaos. By the time I found them, the hunter’s dogs have already torn my oldest son into pieces.
My daughter and my other son was terrified, they were cry out loudly as the hunters dogs slowly approached them. I charged and tried to save them, but three dogs verses one wolf is barely a fair fight. I managed to pick up my daughter in my jaw and ran.
The dogs were not interested in chasing after me, but instead that attacked my son, tearing him into little pieces. I heard him howling and crying painfully behind me as the dogs torn him apart. I was shattered. My heart was been torn into pieces as well. I wanted to save him, but there was nothing I can do. If I turn back to save him, I will lost both of my children for sure. There was so many hunters, it would be lucky if I could get out of there alive.
So I ran, as fast as I could, with my daughter in my jaws. One by one, my pack of wolves was been shot my uncle, my sister, my husband and my brother. I can hear them crying out in pain as the hunters shot them with their guns. I have no idea, how long did I run for, but by the time I lost the hunters, my daughter and I were the only ones left. My daughter was shivering, she was only one month old and she was terrified. I laid her down against a tree. My entire pack of wolves is all dead. Everyone I ever hold dear is dead, my father, my brother, my sister, my husband, my sons, everybody. I spend the night howling away in sadness.
There is hardly enough food in this new territory.
The humans build a village at the territory where I once lived. I can never go back. I can never go home. If I go home, I’ll die. The hunters will hunt me down for sure, as if I am an intruder, to my own land. They are the true intruders and they are the ones that robed our land from us, but as far as they consider, that is their land and if I go back they will treat me as an intruder to their land. I will never stand a chance against those hunters. They have guns and they outnumber me. If I go home, I will be kill in less then a second.
I have to survive in this new land, no matter what. I managed to hunt down a rabbit after I have been on this new territory for three days, I didn’t eat any. My daughter ate it all. We had to migrate, we had to move to somewhere with more food. My daughter was depending on me.
So here I am, woken up from my nightmare. My daughter was sound asleep beside me.
“Thank God” I said to myself.
We have traveled for almost two months and we still can not find a place with enough food. I am weak, I am really weak. My daughter opened her eyes. I licked her on the forehead.
There was a rattling sound. It smelled weird. It was a human.
“Stay down” I said to my daughter. I moved forward to investigate. What do those fucked humans want now? Haven’t they done enough? It was a little girl. She was wearing a red hood. She was about seven to eight years old. She is from the village, the village build upon the land that was once my home, but what is a little girl doing out here in the woods along?
I was praying, hopefully another human will not show up. There was only one way to know. I jumped out of the forest.
“Hello, little girl, where are you going?” what? I was shocked. I spoke human, how can that be possible? I am a wolf! I can not possibly speak human, just…IMPOSSIBLE. I was speaking their language and I don’t understand why.
“I am going to visit my grandmother” the little girl said.
“Alone?” Please say yes. Please. God show some mercy on us, don’t send more hunters please, no.
“Alone” she said to me
“No hunters?” I asked
“No, hunters” she smiled sweetly.
My mind was going crazy “She can be food, but…no…she is just a kid. I can not eat a kid, it is just not right. Maybe, she can help me or something or maybe…”
“But my dad is a hunter. He is a very good one. He killed all those wolves down the valley a few months ago and hanged some of their heads on our wall. When I grow up, I want to be a hunter just like him.” The little girl said.
“Is there anyway for you to help me?” I was struggling to remain calm, those wolves down the valley are my pack and that valley is my home. They robed it from us.
“Why do I want to help you? You are a wolf. I am going to hunt you all down when I grow up, all of you. Then I am going to hang your heads on the wall just like my dad did. My dad said this is the pride of a hunter, to kill a beast with your own bare hands and hang them to be your treasures. You know wolf skins make very good coat. My dad sold their skins for a good price. Wolf meat isn’t all that good. We throw them to the pigs.” She said.
With your own bare hands is it? They used guns. He thinks he got guts? He won’t stand a chance against me, if it is a fair fight.
“I am leaving. I have to get to my grandmother and then I have to get my dad so he can come here to kill you.” She said.
I turned back into the woods to my daughter. She was lying there. I licked her a few time on her forehead, then I realized she wasn’t breathing. I was panicking hard. I pushed her for several times, harder and harder each time, trying to get her to wake up, but she didn’t. Then I realized she is dead.
I turned my head around. I could still hear the fainted sound of the little human girl humming away in a distance. Then I remembered what the little girl said.
“Why do I want to help you? You are a wolf. I am going to hunt you all down when I grow up, all of you. Then I am going to hang your heads on the wall just like my dad did. My dad says this is the pride of a hunter, to kill a beast with your own bare hands and hang them to be you treasure. I am leaving. I have to get to my grandmother and then I have to get my dad so he can come here to kill you.” Her voice played back in my head like a tape recorder.
And that was when I lost it.
“That is it hunters, you are going to pay for what you did to me and my family!!! Hunters!!! You will pay!!!” I screamed.
I ran towards the fainted sound of the little girl’s footstep. I want revenge. I was running at full speed. I wanted to catch up with her. The little girl showed up in sight. She was humming away.
Then when I got closed up, I realized I want to do much more. I want to do much more then to kill this little girl. I want the hunters to pay completely. I want to kill them all.
“Hey, kid waits up” I yelled towards her from behind.
The little girl stopped and turned around.
“Hello, big bad wolf.” The little girl said
“Hey Kid, actually, I might know a short cut to your grandmother’s house, where does your grandmother live?” I asked
“Up, in the northern village.” She said
Then she showed me a photo of her grandmother.
“Take the path on the left. It will save you a lot of time.” I said.
“Thank you, big bad wolf.” She waved at me and ran off.
“Wait, Kid” I yelled to her “What is your name?”
“Josephine, but everyone calls me little red ridding hood” she said and ran off.
I know that village and I have decided to go there. I am entering human territory. It is danger. But I didn’t care. I got nothing to loose. I managed to sneak into the village. It was night time and the villagers were asleep.
“Hello, grand ma. It is me, little red ridding hood.” I faked the kid’s voice, after I found the Grandmother’s house.
I waited for the Grandmother to open the door and the second she did, I attacked her. I pushed the old human down to the ground, before she had a chance to respond, I bit her in the neck, killed her and then I ate her. I am normally not like that, but revenge has gotten the better of me. I putted on the grandmother’s cloth and hided in her bed.
The kid arrived soon after “Grandma, it is me Josephine.” She yelled.
“Come in dear.” I said.
“You look different today, grandma.” She said
“Really?” I replied.
“Your eyes look bigger” she said.
“This way I can see you better.” I said
“And your ears, so big.” She told me
“So I can hear you better.” I replied.
“Your mouth looks…” she didn’t finish her sentence.
“So, I can eat you, you little brat!!!” I yelled.
The kid ran out the door and out of the house
“Help, help, the big bad wolf is after me, help.” She yelled.
I chased after her. The little girl have woken up the villagers from their dreams and all around us, they were opening up their lights. I charged the little girl. My jaw sunk deep into her neck and pulled her down to the ground. I bit down hard. I killed her.
The villagers were coming out of their houses now. One of them had a gun in his hand. He was aiming it at me.
“Think again, punk!” I thought. I attacked him, before he can fire. I bitted him on the hand then, BANG!!!
A sound goes off. I look at my chest, it is bleeding. Another man wearing his pajamas is holding a smoking gun. I look at the man I have bitten. He is lying on the ground, he is not going to die, and he is terrified, very terrified. I am collapsing, I am dying.
“That will teach you to enter our village.” The man who kills me is saying.
I am feeling light, very light. I am floating. I am floating above my body. I am dead. I am a spirit. I am gone.
Researched report for writing project.
The idea of my story is related to some ideas of James Finn Garner’s “Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” and it work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography.
Lisa Gring-Premble and Martha Solomon Watson argue “Political correct bed time story” is a form of satire, which makes fun of fairy tales in a non offensive way. It is a form of rhetorical. “Political Correct bedtime stories” is a way to make fun of, the ideas of, discrimination and bias, towards people of certain sex, class, culture or race. (Premble & Solomon, 2007, P132~P153)
Firstly, I used satire to make fun of conservative western ideology about the relationship between the west and the oriented. Premble and Waston argue “Political correct bedtime story” created great debate amount western Liberals and western conservatives. Western Liberals work to respect multicultural and breaking down racial stereotypes. Western conservatives, sees multicultural and the breaking down of racial stereotype, as a disturbance of social norm, destroying western culture and a down fall of social moral status. “Political correct bedtime story” is pro multicultural and anti stereotype. (Premble & Solomon, 2007, P132~P153)
In my rewriting of “The Little Red Ridding Hood” I refer to the humans as the west and wolfs as the oriented. In the traditional version of “The Little Red Ridding Hood” the wolf are been represented to be evil, for his attempt to eat Grandmother and Little Red Ridding Hood and the humans are been represent to be good, with the innocent Little Red Ridding Hood and the heroic hunter who killed the wolf.
My story reverses the role between the wolves and the humans. I made the humans, evil and the wolves good. In my version of Little Red Ridding Hood the humans are the ones who invaded the wolves’ territories, at first. Then the hunters tried to wipe out the wolves’ entire population, so they can build their own villages on the wolves’ land. The wolf on the other hand, although they also kill other animals, they can only kill for food or self defense. As a result, although both the hunters and wolfs are killers, the hunters are been represented to be cruel, evil and barbaric, the wolves are been represented to be good, generous and decent.
There was also strong contrast between Little Red Ridding Hood and the mother wolf. When the mother wolf and Little Red Ridding Hood first met, the mother wolf was struggling to decide whether she should eat Little Red Ridding Hood, because Little Red Ridding Hood is a child. The mother wolf was also very weak, because there is not enough food. Little Red Ridding Hood on the other hand, had no problem killing any wolves and hang their head on the wall as a treasure, when she grew up. This is a satire, directly aimed at conservative western ideology about the west and the oriented. Little Red Ridding Hood who represent the west sees the oriented as a generalized others, so she had no problem killing any wolves and show no mercy towards them. The wolf who represent oriented, is struggled to eat a human child, because the wolf do not see humans as a generalized others.
Secondly, to criticized the conservative western ideology about the relationship between the west and the oriented. I wrote my story through a similar to autobiography format, but work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography. Bart Moore-Gilbert argues ethnicity is something that is largely neglected in western autobiography, although it is a decreasing case today. Bart argues, even when ethnicity is been represented there are strong construct between the west and the oriented where the oriented are been seen as a generalized alien other and only the west are been represent as if not an alien. The orient are been represent negatively in comparison to the west. (Moore-Gilbert, 2007, P301~P314)
My story is told from the perspective of the wolf, which makes it in some ways the wolf’s autobiography. In my story, the wolf did not treat the humans as others, taking away any stereotypical distinguish between the human and the wolf. However, the humans are seen to be evil in the story, without any deliberate attempt to make them evil, but to simply show, how the humans treat non humans as others.
In conclusion, the idea of my story is related to some ideas of James Finn Garner’s “Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” and it work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography.
Bibliography
1. Gring-Premble, L & Waston, MS 2007 “The Rhetorical Limits of Satire: An analysis f James Finn Garner’s Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” in Anne Cranny Francis (eds) Cul302 Genre Writing Study Guide & Essential Readings. Macquarie University, NSW
2. Moore-Gilbert, B 2007 “Western Autobiography and Colonial Discourse: The Case of Rousseau’s Orientalism” in Anne Cranny Francis (eds) Cul302 Genre Writing Study Guide & Essential Readings. Macquarie University, NSW
Ok, I am a wolf, but I never hurt a human life, until now. There is a law amount us wolves, “You never kill for the sack of killing. You can only kill for food or to protect your family.”
My pack and I lived in a land free from humans. Then the humans wanted to expand their territories and of course they choose to expand into our. That was the first time, I saw a human. I thought there is a line between the world of men and the world of animals and neither one of us will cross the line and enter the other’s territory. Maybe, I’m wrong. I don’t know. I am all confused.
We are wolves, as far as the humans consider, we are the only ones that can pose a threat towards them. So when the humans decided to invade our territory, they also decided to send a bunch of hunters into our forest and hunt us, without warning.
We were just minding our business drinking beside the river that day. Our children were just playing around. Then BANG! My brother was been shot, he bleed to death. The hunters were shooting at us. We ran that is all we could do. We might have four speedy legs and laser sharp teeth, but they had guns and they intended to use it. The hunters and their dogs chased after us. I only had one thought in my mind. “I have to save my children. I have to save them.” I tried to find my children in the chaos. By the time I found them, the hunter’s dogs have already torn my oldest son into pieces.
My daughter and my other son was terrified, they were cry out loudly as the hunters dogs slowly approached them. I charged and tried to save them, but three dogs verses one wolf is barely a fair fight. I managed to pick up my daughter in my jaw and ran.
The dogs were not interested in chasing after me, but instead that attacked my son, tearing him into little pieces. I heard him howling and crying painfully behind me as the dogs torn him apart. I was shattered. My heart was been torn into pieces as well. I wanted to save him, but there was nothing I can do. If I turn back to save him, I will lost both of my children for sure. There was so many hunters, it would be lucky if I could get out of there alive.
So I ran, as fast as I could, with my daughter in my jaws. One by one, my pack of wolves was been shot my uncle, my sister, my husband and my brother. I can hear them crying out in pain as the hunters shot them with their guns. I have no idea, how long did I run for, but by the time I lost the hunters, my daughter and I were the only ones left. My daughter was shivering, she was only one month old and she was terrified. I laid her down against a tree. My entire pack of wolves is all dead. Everyone I ever hold dear is dead, my father, my brother, my sister, my husband, my sons, everybody. I spend the night howling away in sadness.
There is hardly enough food in this new territory.
The humans build a village at the territory where I once lived. I can never go back. I can never go home. If I go home, I’ll die. The hunters will hunt me down for sure, as if I am an intruder, to my own land. They are the true intruders and they are the ones that robed our land from us, but as far as they consider, that is their land and if I go back they will treat me as an intruder to their land. I will never stand a chance against those hunters. They have guns and they outnumber me. If I go home, I will be kill in less then a second.
I have to survive in this new land, no matter what. I managed to hunt down a rabbit after I have been on this new territory for three days, I didn’t eat any. My daughter ate it all. We had to migrate, we had to move to somewhere with more food. My daughter was depending on me.
So here I am, woken up from my nightmare. My daughter was sound asleep beside me.
“Thank God” I said to myself.
We have traveled for almost two months and we still can not find a place with enough food. I am weak, I am really weak. My daughter opened her eyes. I licked her on the forehead.
There was a rattling sound. It smelled weird. It was a human.
“Stay down” I said to my daughter. I moved forward to investigate. What do those fucked humans want now? Haven’t they done enough? It was a little girl. She was wearing a red hood. She was about seven to eight years old. She is from the village, the village build upon the land that was once my home, but what is a little girl doing out here in the woods along?
I was praying, hopefully another human will not show up. There was only one way to know. I jumped out of the forest.
“Hello, little girl, where are you going?” what? I was shocked. I spoke human, how can that be possible? I am a wolf! I can not possibly speak human, just…IMPOSSIBLE. I was speaking their language and I don’t understand why.
“I am going to visit my grandmother” the little girl said.
“Alone?” Please say yes. Please. God show some mercy on us, don’t send more hunters please, no.
“Alone” she said to me
“No hunters?” I asked
“No, hunters” she smiled sweetly.
My mind was going crazy “She can be food, but…no…she is just a kid. I can not eat a kid, it is just not right. Maybe, she can help me or something or maybe…”
“But my dad is a hunter. He is a very good one. He killed all those wolves down the valley a few months ago and hanged some of their heads on our wall. When I grow up, I want to be a hunter just like him.” The little girl said.
“Is there anyway for you to help me?” I was struggling to remain calm, those wolves down the valley are my pack and that valley is my home. They robed it from us.
“Why do I want to help you? You are a wolf. I am going to hunt you all down when I grow up, all of you. Then I am going to hang your heads on the wall just like my dad did. My dad said this is the pride of a hunter, to kill a beast with your own bare hands and hang them to be your treasures. You know wolf skins make very good coat. My dad sold their skins for a good price. Wolf meat isn’t all that good. We throw them to the pigs.” She said.
With your own bare hands is it? They used guns. He thinks he got guts? He won’t stand a chance against me, if it is a fair fight.
“I am leaving. I have to get to my grandmother and then I have to get my dad so he can come here to kill you.” She said.
I turned back into the woods to my daughter. She was lying there. I licked her a few time on her forehead, then I realized she wasn’t breathing. I was panicking hard. I pushed her for several times, harder and harder each time, trying to get her to wake up, but she didn’t. Then I realized she is dead.
I turned my head around. I could still hear the fainted sound of the little human girl humming away in a distance. Then I remembered what the little girl said.
“Why do I want to help you? You are a wolf. I am going to hunt you all down when I grow up, all of you. Then I am going to hang your heads on the wall just like my dad did. My dad says this is the pride of a hunter, to kill a beast with your own bare hands and hang them to be you treasure. I am leaving. I have to get to my grandmother and then I have to get my dad so he can come here to kill you.” Her voice played back in my head like a tape recorder.
And that was when I lost it.
“That is it hunters, you are going to pay for what you did to me and my family!!! Hunters!!! You will pay!!!” I screamed.
I ran towards the fainted sound of the little girl’s footstep. I want revenge. I was running at full speed. I wanted to catch up with her. The little girl showed up in sight. She was humming away.
Then when I got closed up, I realized I want to do much more. I want to do much more then to kill this little girl. I want the hunters to pay completely. I want to kill them all.
“Hey, kid waits up” I yelled towards her from behind.
The little girl stopped and turned around.
“Hello, big bad wolf.” The little girl said
“Hey Kid, actually, I might know a short cut to your grandmother’s house, where does your grandmother live?” I asked
“Up, in the northern village.” She said
Then she showed me a photo of her grandmother.
“Take the path on the left. It will save you a lot of time.” I said.
“Thank you, big bad wolf.” She waved at me and ran off.
“Wait, Kid” I yelled to her “What is your name?”
“Josephine, but everyone calls me little red ridding hood” she said and ran off.
I know that village and I have decided to go there. I am entering human territory. It is danger. But I didn’t care. I got nothing to loose. I managed to sneak into the village. It was night time and the villagers were asleep.
“Hello, grand ma. It is me, little red ridding hood.” I faked the kid’s voice, after I found the Grandmother’s house.
I waited for the Grandmother to open the door and the second she did, I attacked her. I pushed the old human down to the ground, before she had a chance to respond, I bit her in the neck, killed her and then I ate her. I am normally not like that, but revenge has gotten the better of me. I putted on the grandmother’s cloth and hided in her bed.
The kid arrived soon after “Grandma, it is me Josephine.” She yelled.
“Come in dear.” I said.
“You look different today, grandma.” She said
“Really?” I replied.
“Your eyes look bigger” she said.
“This way I can see you better.” I said
“And your ears, so big.” She told me
“So I can hear you better.” I replied.
“Your mouth looks…” she didn’t finish her sentence.
“So, I can eat you, you little brat!!!” I yelled.
The kid ran out the door and out of the house
“Help, help, the big bad wolf is after me, help.” She yelled.
I chased after her. The little girl have woken up the villagers from their dreams and all around us, they were opening up their lights. I charged the little girl. My jaw sunk deep into her neck and pulled her down to the ground. I bit down hard. I killed her.
The villagers were coming out of their houses now. One of them had a gun in his hand. He was aiming it at me.
“Think again, punk!” I thought. I attacked him, before he can fire. I bitted him on the hand then, BANG!!!
A sound goes off. I look at my chest, it is bleeding. Another man wearing his pajamas is holding a smoking gun. I look at the man I have bitten. He is lying on the ground, he is not going to die, and he is terrified, very terrified. I am collapsing, I am dying.
“That will teach you to enter our village.” The man who kills me is saying.
I am feeling light, very light. I am floating. I am floating above my body. I am dead. I am a spirit. I am gone.
Researched report for writing project.
The idea of my story is related to some ideas of James Finn Garner’s “Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” and it work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography.
Lisa Gring-Premble and Martha Solomon Watson argue “Political correct bed time story” is a form of satire, which makes fun of fairy tales in a non offensive way. It is a form of rhetorical. “Political Correct bedtime stories” is a way to make fun of, the ideas of, discrimination and bias, towards people of certain sex, class, culture or race. (Premble & Solomon, 2007, P132~P153)
Firstly, I used satire to make fun of conservative western ideology about the relationship between the west and the oriented. Premble and Waston argue “Political correct bedtime story” created great debate amount western Liberals and western conservatives. Western Liberals work to respect multicultural and breaking down racial stereotypes. Western conservatives, sees multicultural and the breaking down of racial stereotype, as a disturbance of social norm, destroying western culture and a down fall of social moral status. “Political correct bedtime story” is pro multicultural and anti stereotype. (Premble & Solomon, 2007, P132~P153)
In my rewriting of “The Little Red Ridding Hood” I refer to the humans as the west and wolfs as the oriented. In the traditional version of “The Little Red Ridding Hood” the wolf are been represented to be evil, for his attempt to eat Grandmother and Little Red Ridding Hood and the humans are been represent to be good, with the innocent Little Red Ridding Hood and the heroic hunter who killed the wolf.
My story reverses the role between the wolves and the humans. I made the humans, evil and the wolves good. In my version of Little Red Ridding Hood the humans are the ones who invaded the wolves’ territories, at first. Then the hunters tried to wipe out the wolves’ entire population, so they can build their own villages on the wolves’ land. The wolf on the other hand, although they also kill other animals, they can only kill for food or self defense. As a result, although both the hunters and wolfs are killers, the hunters are been represented to be cruel, evil and barbaric, the wolves are been represented to be good, generous and decent.
There was also strong contrast between Little Red Ridding Hood and the mother wolf. When the mother wolf and Little Red Ridding Hood first met, the mother wolf was struggling to decide whether she should eat Little Red Ridding Hood, because Little Red Ridding Hood is a child. The mother wolf was also very weak, because there is not enough food. Little Red Ridding Hood on the other hand, had no problem killing any wolves and hang their head on the wall as a treasure, when she grew up. This is a satire, directly aimed at conservative western ideology about the west and the oriented. Little Red Ridding Hood who represent the west sees the oriented as a generalized others, so she had no problem killing any wolves and show no mercy towards them. The wolf who represent oriented, is struggled to eat a human child, because the wolf do not see humans as a generalized others.
Secondly, to criticized the conservative western ideology about the relationship between the west and the oriented. I wrote my story through a similar to autobiography format, but work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography. Bart Moore-Gilbert argues ethnicity is something that is largely neglected in western autobiography, although it is a decreasing case today. Bart argues, even when ethnicity is been represented there are strong construct between the west and the oriented where the oriented are been seen as a generalized alien other and only the west are been represent as if not an alien. The orient are been represent negatively in comparison to the west. (Moore-Gilbert, 2007, P301~P314)
My story is told from the perspective of the wolf, which makes it in some ways the wolf’s autobiography. In my story, the wolf did not treat the humans as others, taking away any stereotypical distinguish between the human and the wolf. However, the humans are seen to be evil in the story, without any deliberate attempt to make them evil, but to simply show, how the humans treat non humans as others.
In conclusion, the idea of my story is related to some ideas of James Finn Garner’s “Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” and it work in reverse to the racial representation of western autobiography.
Bibliography
1. Gring-Premble, L & Waston, MS 2007 “The Rhetorical Limits of Satire: An analysis f James Finn Garner’s Politically Correct Bedtime Stories” in Anne Cranny Francis (eds) Cul302 Genre Writing Study Guide & Essential Readings. Macquarie University, NSW
2. Moore-Gilbert, B 2007 “Western Autobiography and Colonial Discourse: The Case of Rousseau’s Orientalism” in Anne Cranny Francis (eds) Cul302 Genre Writing Study Guide & Essential Readings. Macquarie University, NSW
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