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John Hogan, who only became chief risk officer in JP Morgan Chase (JPM) in January, will likely be facing some uncomfortable questions following the bank's revelation yesterday it had made $2 billion in trading losses since the beginning of April.

Hogan, 46, who previously been head of risk in the investment banking division, replaced Barry Zubrow as chief risk officer for the whole firm in January, when Zubrow took on the newly created role of head of corporate and regulatory affairs.

Jamie Dimon, chairman and chief executive, wrote in a memo in January: "Hogan has been the chief risk officer for the investment bank for the last five years - probably the most turbulent time we have ever seen in our industry.

"Barry Zubrow and I believe that it is time to broaden John's responsibilities, and he will now become chief risk officer for the company and will join the operating committee, also reporting to me."

The memo also said that Zubrow would maintain his position on all of the firm's risk committee.

In July last year, the Business Insider blog described Hogan as "so close to Jamie Dimon, he can smell his sweat on a hot day."

In 2009, when JP Morgan was named bank risk manager of the year by Risk magazine, Hogan said: "I don't think there is any doubt the concentration of risks in some firms, which are often similar but managed independently, has surprised a lot of people and will be an area of focus for regulators, auditors and senior management within those institutions."

An email from Hogan related to Lehman Brothers appears in the trove of documents released by law from Jenner & Block in connection to the investment bank's bankruptcy. Hogan wrote on September 9, 2009: "They sent the Junior Varsity - they have no proposal and are looking to us for ideas/credit line to bridge them to the first quarter when they intend to split into good bank/bad bank."

Irving Picard, the bankruptcy trustee who investigated the Bernie Madoff fraud, alleged that Hogan and another JP Morgan employee suspected that Madoff was operating a fraud a longtime before Madoff was arrested. CNN wrote in April last year: "The updated document opens with this quote, which is attributed to Hogan, chief risk officer for JPMorgan: 'For whatever it['s] worth, I am sitting at lunch with Matt Zames who just told me that there is a well-known cloud over the head of Madoff and that his returns are speculated to be part of a [P]onzi scheme.' "
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The impact of changes in the Budget and the new directives of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) will lead to fresh challenges in the new financial year. Here are the key issues that will affect insurance companies and the public.

Financial Year


Financial Year, Budget Deficit
Financial Year


Sum Assured: The sum assured has to be 10 times the premium for tax savings on entry and exit under Section 80C and 10(10D), respectively. Many existing traditional and single-premium products will become obsolete and require product revision and approval from IRDA.

Budget Deficit


The policy term will increase to make the policyholder qualify for tax savings. The current trend of short-term policies will soon end. People in the older age group may find it difficult to qualify for tax savings as higher mortality rates will increase the premium for the same sum assured. These arguments are valid for insurance-cum-savings products like endowment, money-back, whole-life and ULIPs (unit-linked insurance policies). Term plans, which are the best insurance plans, should not have any problems as the sum assured is easily more than 10 times the premium and there is no concept of maturity value; hence, section 10(10D) does not apply.

Service Tax: The increase of service tax from 10.3% to 12.36% on the policy charges will increase the premium amount for policyholders; it also means a lower rate of return on investments. Traditional products, which don’t give a break-up of charges, used to charge service tax at 1.545% of the premium. This rate will now increase to 3.09% for the first year.

Financial Year


Pension Products: There has been no pension product in the market after IRDA insisted on explicit definition of assured benefit that is applicable on death, on surrender and on vesting (end of accumulation phase) which have to be disclosed at the time of sale.

Immediate Annuity: The pension guidelines mandate that the same insurance company that was involved in the accumulation phase of the pension product must complete the annuity phase. It is important for insurance companies to offer competitive annuity rates. New immediate annuity products like Star Union Dai-ichi (SUD) Life Insurance’s Immediate Annuity Plan and SBI Life’s Annuity Plus have started coming into the market, to compete with the immediate annuity product of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC). There is an expectation that more companies will come up with competitive rates.
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Budapest requested financial help from the EU and the International Monetary Fund in November, but the two institutions had refused to start formal negotiations on assistance amid concerns over far-reaching changes to the country's legal system.

The EU has argued that new laws that undermined the independence of the central bank and the judicial system hurt investor confidence and therefore the effectiveness of any international aid.

In a meeting with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban promised to change the legislation on the central bank, restoring its independence, Commission spokesman Olivier Bailly.

Orban also promised to address several areas of concern in the Hungarian judicial system that have been identified by the Council of Europe, an international institution that focuses on human rights.

"These elements will certainly allow more confidence in the legal environment in Hungary and therefore give us the possibility to lift our opposition to entering into formal negotiations with Hungary," Bailly said. He declined to comment on how much aid Hungary may need.

Budapest has found itself under increasing pressure from the EU and civil-rights organisations, which fear that Orban and his conservative Fidesz party are engaged in a power grab that restricts basic freedoms and civil rights in the country.

The central bank law, which Orban has now promised to adapt, would have installed a new body above the bank's governing council, which takes important decisions on monetary policy, such as the setting of interest rates. Bailly said that the promised changes would restore the independence of both the central bank's council and its president.

The Council of Europe, meanwhile, has raised concerns over the creation of a similar body, the National Judicial Office, whose president ends up holding a lot of power over of the judicial system, including the right to appoint judges.

It has also pointed to restrictions of press freedom and a requirement for "balanced reporting" for public media. Here, too, Orban's administration has created a so-called Media Council, which oversees everything from television to the internet and the printed press.

Those concerns will have to be addressed before negotiations on financial aid can be concluded, Bailly said.

Daniel Hoeltgen, a spokesman for the Council of Europe, said discussions with Budapest are "fruitful and ongoing" and he expected the Hungarian government to respond to the issues "sooner rather than later."

Separate from that process, the European Commission decided to take Hungary to the European Court of Justice over two other laws that it says conflict with the bloc's treaty.

One concerns the independence of the country's data-protection authority, while the other would lower the retirement age for judges and notaries from 70 years to 62 years. That law would force 10 per cent of judges and 25 per cent of notaries to retire this year, Bailly said.

Hungary is part of the 27-nation EU but does not use the euro. Its own currency, the forint, has come under pressure in recent months amid concerns over the country's finances.
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The Obama administration reported a significant deterioration in the financial outlook for Social Security on Monday, while stating that the financial condition of Medicare was stable but still unsustainable.

A one-stop destination for the latest political news — from The Times and other top sources. Plus opinion, polls, campaign data and video


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Ireland’s headline budget deficit last year was 13.1 per cent of gross domestic product, boosted by the once-off inclusion of almost €6 billion of capital injected into some banks.

Figures published today showed the Irish deficit was the highest in the EU, after the State invested €16.5 billion net into Irish financial institutions in July last year. (Budget Deficit


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SPEEDY Hire, the Newton-le-Willows-based plant and equipment hire company, said it is well placed to take advantage of any improvement in trading conditions when they arise, in a trading update today.

Financial Year
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Rosberg scored a commanding maiden win in Shanghai after having started from pole position, the German finishing over 20 seconds ahead of McLaren's Jenson Button.

Despite the big gap to his closest rival, Mercedes driver Rosberg said the race was very challenging, as keeping the tyres in good form was far from easy


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Greg Clerkson, who came to Russell in August 2010 from Royal Bank of Canada Investment Management, joined BlueCrest Capital Management as head of global consultant relations in January, according to two people familiar with the move. He reports to Bob Shea, the firm's London-based head of sales and marketing.

Clerkson declined to comment. A spokesman for BlueCrest confirmed the hire. A spokeswoman for Russell said that Clerkson's responsibilities have been absorbed by Nick Spencer, a director in the firm's consulting business


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The Department of Labour says it stopped production at a West Coast mine run by the state-owned Solid Energy because of safety concerns raised by three incidents in the past two weeks.

Operations were halted on Monday at Spring Creek Mine, north of Greymouth, and will remain in place until the department is satisfied that systems for dealing with such incidents have improved


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The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) is working on allowing interoperability of clearing corporations, imposing pre-trade order limits on exchanges and segregating clients’ accounts from those of brokers, according to a Mint news report. Readers should note that the report is source-based and hasn’t been officially confirmed by Sebi.

Even so, these issues are important and require the regulator’s attention. The suggestion of pre-trade order limits is interesting. Currently, exchanges follow the practice of alerting its trading members when they exhaust a certain percentage of the margins deposited with the exchange. This works as a reminder to deposit additional margins before they exhaust the 100% mark and are blocked from taking fresh positions. There has been a concern that thanks to algorithmic trading, the exchange’s system may receive a large number of orders in the time between the trading member reaching the 100% mark and the time by which exchange blocks the member’s systems. Given the reality of rogue algorithms, this concern isn’t unreal. The Mint report says that Sebi plans to impose order limits depending on the size of capital deposited by the member, to ensure that large orders don’t enter the system and the damage is limited


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